Essay about Genocide - 1949 Words

Living through genocide is a horrific tragedy that no one should ever have to endure. While there have been numerous genocides within the last century, the holocaust was a genocide that killed over 12 million innocent people and segregated them by religion, sex and age. Since the end of the holocaust, many survivors wrote their stories accounting the horrific lives they led, while some eliminated parts of their story, others felt that it was necessary to show the entirety of what had occurred. With these first hand accounts, the reader is able to see the differences between how men and women lived their everyday lives as well as how they were treated by Hitler’s regime. In Elie Wiesel’s, Night, and Sara Nomberg-Przytyk’s, True Tales from†¦show more content†¦Having the word tore in this quote, the author is trying to explain how the simplicity of a haircut could turn into something horribly painful. After being released from harshness of the barbers, m en formed together trying to find familiar faces at that time, â€Å"they used whatever strength they had to cry† (Wiesel 35) the symbolism of crying makes it more surreal to the reader, the meeting of friends is not a joyous occasion but is to make sure friends are alive. Living under the â€Å"threshold of death† (Wiesel 36), men needed to give up every personal belonging they brought with them; they were one step away from dying. Within a â€Å"few seconds, we had ceased to be men† (Wiesel 37). This meant that the men they saw coming into the camps were not what they would become, they changed into prisoners who did not have an identity of their own, they were the living dead. With time passing and people becoming hungry, sick and weak, people became walking skeletons that were on the brink of death. While Elie’s main goal was to stay alongside his father through out their time in the holocaust, the dependence of his father on Elie eventually became a clear challenge. With his father getting sick and needing some assistance there was a time where he needed to use a restroom. After asking one of the guards where it was, the guards response was by hitting Elie’s father, knocking himShow MoreRelatedGenocides And Genocides Of Genocides987 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican Holocaust Genocide is a million African people being butchered by hand by their neighbors, with household tools and homemade weapons—machetes, hoes, and hammers. Genocides are commonly overlooked throughout many countries. Africa has had many genocides and wars occurring over the past century. The most known genocides are ones that occurred in Rwanda and Darfur. Researchers have found that most genocides show the same patterns and key elements. 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Genocides do not just happen out of nowhere, often it is due to long-standingRead MoreGenocide : Genocide And Genocide1841 Words   |  8 Pagesin a planned and systematic genocide. The group of people being murdered in this genocide were the Tutsis† (U.S. House). To begin, genocide has different ways of being interpreted. Due to the inflammatory feeling between the Hutu and the Tutsi, conflicting views were created which led to clashing beliefs. There are eight stages of genocide that pertain to the conflict in Rwanda. Finally, genocide should never be just ignored/pretend that it never happened. The genocide against Rwanda’s Tutsis wasRead MoreGenocide Essay3156 Words   |  13 PagesGenocide It is amazing the word genocide has not been identified earlier in time. It is quite evident that it has been Practice with various controlling entities throughout history. 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Comparison of Extemporaneous Speaking and Manuscript...

There is a huge difference between extemporaneous speaking and manuscript style speaking. To define the difference in a broad manner, extemporaneous style utilizes both written notes and memorization along with some â€Å"on-your-feet† statements to complete a speech. Manuscript style is simply reading word-for-word a written speech out loud to the audience. To analyze these specific styles a little more will give some insight to how each is utilized when giving speeches. As stated above manuscript style is similar to reading a book to an audience. The speaker using this style would carefully put together a well written speech. He would write the speech, in its entirety, print and deliver the speech by reading what he had written back to the audience. Depending on the skill of the speaker and their memory abilities the speaker may either read to the audience while looking at his manuscript majority of the time or, if his memory and eye-contact skills are excellent, he will be able to deliver this speech entirely from memory. There, of course, are always those speakers in between who will be able to give portions of the speech from memory and other parts by reading from the paper. This often leads to the biggest weakness of this style. Often times when speakers use this style of speech they may tend to sound too robotic, auditioned, and uninvolved with the topic being discussed. This will lead an audience to either not listen or lower the credib ility of the speaker.Show MoreRelatedEssay about Speech Quiz answers2346 Words   |  10 Pages Chapter 1 - Speaking in Public 1.Speakers should focus on the message they are expressing more so than how the audience is responding to the message. – False 2.Messages are usually transmitted from sender to receiver through audience and listener channels. – False 3.Smiles, head nods, eye contact, and clapping from audience members are all forms of feedback. 4.An ethical speaker considers the moral impact their ideas and arguments have on their listeners. 5.â€Å"Care and concern for others, theRead MoreSociology and Group41984 Words   |  168 Pagesa. True b. False Answer: b. False . As groups grow larger, member satisfaction increases. a. True b. False Answer: b. False . Generally, there are 2 sources of noise: external and internal. a. True b. False Answer: a. True . A soft speaking voice can create noise in a communication transaction. a. True b. False Answer: a. True . Feedback is always verbal rather than nonverbal. a. True b. False Answer: b. False . When group members work together to achieve a common goal, theRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesIn-Basket Exercise 30 SCORING KEY AND COMPARISON DATA 42 Personal Assessment of Management Skills 42 Scoring Key 42 Comparison Data 42 What Does It Take to Be an Effective Manager? 43 SSS Software In-Basket Exercise 43 PART I 1 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 45 DEVELOPING SELF-AWARENESS SKILL ASSESSMENT 46 Diagnostic Surveys for Scale Self-Awareness 46 Self-Awareness Assessment 46 Emotional Intelligence Assessment 47 The Defining Issues Test 48 v Cognitive Style Indicator 52 Locus of Control

Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business Free Essays

string(114) " a pressure created by poor planning and results in increase in turnover and organizational performance decrease\." ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS THE IMPACT OF EMPLOYEE TURNOVER ON THE EFFICIENCY OF THE ORGANIZTION Muhammad Naeem Tariq Prof. We will write a custom essay sample on Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business or any similar topic only for you Order Now Dr. Muhammad Ramzan Aisha Riaz Scholars at Superior University, Lahore Abstract The main purpose of the study is to determine the impact of employee turnover on the performance of an organization. The research study supports the argument of Derek (2006) that the employee? s turnover positively associated with the organization inefficiency. The research study was based on quantitative research technique. The questionnaires were distributed in Mobilink Head office, Call Center and Administrative Department for collection of data. The measures for analysis are employee turnover, work load, work stress, employee salary, job satisfaction, and work to family conflict. Correlation and regression tests are used for research studies in order to analyze the relationship among independent and dependent variables. The result from the regression analysis confirms that the Performance of an organization is negatively and insignificantly associated with employee turnover, workload, work stress, salary, and family to work conflict. It is clearly evidenced that there is negatively relationship between the dependent variables of organizational performance and the Independent variables employee turnover, workload, work stress, salary, family to work conflict. The study shows that turn over effect on the performance of the organization The study provides an insight to see that level of turn over effect up to what level to the performance and what are the major variables that may address to handle these issues. Keywords: Organizational Performance, Turnover, Workload, Work Stress, Salary, Family to work conflict. 1. Introduction Over the last two decades of awareness of managerial issues, the issue of employee turnover still exists in most of the organization throughout the world. Even in the highly developed industrial nations, the rate of employee turnover is still very high. Moreover, looking into the gender perspective, Women pay may be less than that of man, requiring parallel education, training, skills, and responsibility. The level of performance or the ability of work done by the staff will only be achieved if the employees satisfied by the internal environment of an organization. Employee turnover in organization is one of the main issues that extensively affect the overall performance of an organization. It is often suggested that organization should be adopt the clear Standard Operation Procedures (SOP? s) that decrease the gap among the top management and the middle management in order to identify and resolve the issue of employee turnover in the organization. The area for the research study was, Mobilink Head Office, Mobilink Call Center and Mobilink Administration Branch Islamabad. The research study was based on quantitative technique for research. The questionnaire was distributed among the staff member of Mobilink offices and data was collected to know that how much employee turnover affect the performance of and organization. The reason that why Mobilink organization had been chosen, is because in Mobilink offices the ratio of turnover is high as compared to other organization according to the telecommunication report of Pakistan 2008. The research study is being conducted to check out the extent the employee fulfill their task, which is, assign to them by their superiors and what are the effect of turnover on organization. COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 700 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS The research paper objective was to address the questions that is, does employee turnover affect the performance of the organization? Various studies show that employee turnover negatively affect the overall efficiency of the organization. If proper action is taken on employee workload, work stress, salary, job satisfaction, and work to family conflict, the turnover ratio alternatively decreases and organization performance will enhance. Derek (2006) found a positive relationship between employee turnover and organization efficiency, and concluded that there is insignificant negative relationship between employee turnover and organizational performance. The reason that why, this research topic was selected because in our environment most of the workers are not satisfied with their jobs and most of them are quiet their jobs when they find relatively better job than that one. The reason is not that they are not competent but there are few factors the effect the commitment and satisfaction of the employee towards their job, some are employee workload, work stress, salary, job satisfaction, and work to family conflict. The research study was scrutinized the fact that employee turnover is positively effect on overall performance of the organization 2. Literature Review Derek et, al. (2007) suggested that job satisfaction and affective commitment as the basic variables with turnover intentions. He further argues that no support was found in the results for continuance dedication as a variable with turnover intentions. The results also concluded that significant positive correlations were found for the distal variables workload, work stress, employee salary, job satisfaction, and work to family conflict. Magnus at al. (2001) resulted that the job insecurity is interrelated primarily to exit and devotion reactions, but not to voice. In terms of exit, a striking pattern in our results concerns the connection obtained between job insecurity and organizational turnover intention. Although the magnitudes of effect sizes differed across countries, there was a positive relation between job insecurity and the propensity to exit from the organization. The results also swell previous research by indicating that job insecurity may have similar cost for union turnover intention. Outsourcing is more prevalent under condition of high scientific uncertainty and high information exchange, research gained some tentative insights into the fact that higher outsourcing under these conditions leads to higher performance of individual. Fogarty at al. 2004) results that the employee turnover increases due to individuals in offices were mostly at fault, making errors because they failed to follow procedures and were ineffectually supervised the circumstances; put the employees of the organization in, such a pressure created by poor planning and results in increase in turnover and organizational performance decrease. You read "Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business" in cate gory "Essay examples" Bloom at al. (1991) concluded that the organizational analysis of turnover is due to organizational and ecological variables like the crime rate in the area may increase nursing turnover. The study strongly argued that the base of increase in turnover is only environmental basis. Beverly Philip (2006) recognize that the extant research on employee engagement demonstrates its relationship to outcome variables important to every organization, such as productivity, safety, and employee retention and customer service. They further explore that the Increases in knowledge as to how to create high performance workplaces are always welcome by practitioners and academics. What the field does not need, however, is another fad term. We call for continued research into employee engagement in order better to understand and to capture its contribution to organizational and individual performance. According to Camp (1993), the organizational commitment found to be a significant predictor of organizationally relevant behavior, in his case, turnover. This certainly lends support to the position of organizational commitment. Conversely, He further justify that there was no evidence from this study of workers in one public sector agency that job satisfaction has any effect on voluntary turnover. The correct in that even when combined with the other relevant control variables, the explanatory power of the models containing organizational commitment is fairly low. It should be kept in mind that organizational commitment was typically measured months before the respondents actually quit work. Even so, the results of this and related studies suggest that even though we have additional insight about the theoretical relevance of organizational commitment, we still do not seem to understand much about the processes that generate turnover. COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 01 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Maertez Campion (2004) suggested that the first, quitting is a salient, major life event, and people remember the details surrounding such events relatively easily. Second, quitting tends to be associated with affective arousal, be it negative or positive; such events are more easily remembered than those with little accompanying affective arousal. Moreover, people often remember such events better after a long rather than a short period of time. Also, time since quitting was unrelated to decision type; lessening the chance that memory decay had an effect on the findings.. Another possibility is that the relationships discovered could be partially due to employee schemata or implicit theories of turnover. However, if such schemata reflect reality or are widely held by employees, they may not threaten the validity of our findings. Ologunde at al. (1999) concluded that the employee turnover in schools and universities are due partly to the low morale of the teachers, which in turn has increased the rate of labor turnover from the system. They further analyze that it is fair to say that lecturers will put in their best when the work environment is conducive; when there are good welfare packages like good houses, adequate health and medical insurance, training and development opportunities and other relevant fringe benefits. In the absence of these, it can only be expected that frustration and eventually quits will result. Given their role in society, there is a strong case to pay special attention to university academics while not constituting them into a special class. However, it is important to further explore opportunities to provide more incentives to enable lecturers maximize their role in the development process. In doing this, we have also shown that economic incentives on their own do not provide sufficient motivation for university teachers. Harris at al. (2002) theory asserts that high turnover lowers firms? incentives to provide staff training programs and, therefore, reduces productivity. On the other hand, job matching theory postulates that turnover can help employers and employees to avoid being locked in sub-optimal matches permanently, subsequently increases productivity. The conflict between retaining workforce stability on the one hand, and flexibility on the other, gives rise to the quest of an optimal turnover rate. Klasen (1999) uses multinational cross panel regressions to explore the extent of employee turnover in the organization which may trim down growth and development of any organization and the overall economy. His paper finds a substantial impact of employee turnover on economic growth based on data from East Asia, Africa, South Asia and the Middle East. His results suggest that employee turnover in education and management has a direct impact on economic growth through throbbing change in management lowering the average quality of human capital. Michael Steiner (1997) concluded that the annual managerial employee turnover of an organization is 18. 6 per cent for the combined sample and their costs are very high on per employee turnover incident while conducting his research. They further reported that chain restaurants report higher employee turnover ratio and more costly managerial employee turnover for independents. Bradley Stuart (1998) uses cross-section study of the inter-industry variation in male and female employee turnover in UK manufacturing companies, The number of discharges over four weeks found very high. The annual rate of employee turnover was estimated by taking an average of the quarterly observations. This shows a wide variation, the annual male employee turnover rate was lowest at 8. 5 per cent in Mineral Oil Refining (262) and highest at 77 per cent in Jute (415) in American corporate companies. Similarly the female rate ranged from 12. 4 per cent in Mineral Oil Refining to 81. 9 per cent in Fruit and Vegetable Products (218). The male employee turnover rate across all manufacturing was 29. 9 per cent. Employee turnover is clearly greater among females. Seven in every ten MLHs had a female rate in excess of 40 per cent. Research by Knapp at al. (1998) reported that the rate at which staff change jobs has posed a serious problem for employers in the private and public sectors. Since, staff employee turnover generally breaks the stability, consistency and continuity of work, makes long-term planning more difficult, it leads to shortages of staff which in turn can raise the workloads of other employees, and raises the costs of recruiting and training staff. COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 702 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Wrucka (1998) defines that the top management change or employee turnover is to be any change in the set of individuals holding the title of chief executive officer (CEO), president or chairman of the board. His major hypothesis is that the probability of a top management change is inversely related to performance of an organization. Using a random sample of listed firms, He tested the hypothesis with a prediction procedure to exploit information on firms that do not experience a management change. At last he found that change in top management inversely related to the efficiency of the organization. Guthrie (1999) reports a positive association between the use of high involvement work practices (HIWPs) and employee retention and firm productivity. He further indicated the disordinal interaction, also he found that employee turnover is associated with decreased productivity when use of HIWPs is high, and increased productivity when use of HIWPs is low. He further reports that there is insignificant relationship between efficiency of overall organization and the individual employee as well. 3. Methodology The research study investigates the employee turnover and its effect on organizational performance. The study uses primary data which have been calculated through verified questionnaire of Derek (2007). The sample size of 160 was taken from three Mobilink offices situated in Islamabad including, Head office, Call center and Administration Office, total 100 respond was received at the rate of 66. 7% response rate, in that sample 60 percent represents the ratio of male and 40 percent represent that ratio of female employees. Data have been using SPSS software. Firstly the normality of all variables has been tested then the Pearson correlation and regression have been applied on the data. The purpose of the correlation test is to analyze the extent of effect on the variables (Jeffery John, 2003), on the basis of the result, the exten t of effect of different variables checked on the dependent variable of organizational performance. 3. Hypotheses The following five hypotheses explore the relative impact of the five independent variables (employee turnover, work load, work stress, salary, and family to work conflict) on the dependent variable which is (organization performance). H1: H2: H3: H4: H5: Employee turnover is positively associated with inefficient performance of an organization Work load of employee is positively associated with inefficient performance of an organization. Work stress of employee is positively associated with inefficient performance of an organization. Performance of organization is positively associated with better salary of employee. Performance of organization is negatively associated with family to work conflict of employee. 3. 2 Conceptual Framework The conceptual frame work for the present study is based on the Derek (2007) in that Organizational Performance taken is taken as dependent variable (DV) and employee? s turnover, workload, work stress, employee salary, job satisfaction, and work to family conflict are taken as an independent variable. Further more organizational performance is taken as proxy for job satisfaction and job commitment, also work to family conflict is changed with salary because this salary is more important variable in Pakistani perspective than work to family conflict variable. COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 703 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Work Load Work Stress Salary Job Satisfaction Job Commitment / Organizational Performance Employees Turnover Job Satisfaction Family Conflict 4. Analysis and Discussion 4. Frequency Distribution Table of Age: Table 1 shows that the frequency distribution of the respondents in which the 41% of total staff members lies between the ages of 18-28 years, 44% represents the ages of employees that lies between 29-39 years and 15% shows the percentage of employees that represents that ages of more than 40 years. 4. 2 Frequency Distribution Table of Gender: T able 2 demonstrate the frequency distribution of gender in which total 59 out of 100 staff members are male which represents 59% of the total employees, and 41 out of 100 staff members are female which represents 41% of the total sample. . 3 Correlation: The research study finds out the Pearson correlation between Organizational training and job satisfaction, learning, salary, promotion, and performance. The correlation value is lie between -1 and +1. -1 represents complete negative relationship while +1 represents perfect relationship between variables. Table 4 demonstrates the correlation matrix of the Job Satisfaction, employee Training, Learning, Salary, Promotion and Performance. The analysis show there is high level of correlation between these variables at 0. 1 levels and 0. 05 levels. The correlation is significant at 0. 05 levels only between employee? s performance and employee training and correlation is significant at 0. 01 level in all other variables. Table 5 shows the Pearson correlation between inefficient performance of organization and Employee turnover is positive and significant which means that there is strong correlation between these variables. The value . 567** shows the correlation is significant at 0. 05 level. The value . 000 is less then P 0. 5 which means that the null hypothesis will be rejected and alternate hypothesis will be accepted which indicate Employee turnover is positively associated with inefficient performance of an organization. Table 6 shows the Pearson correlation between inefficient organizational Performance and Employee Workload is positive which means that the correlation is significant between these variables. The value 585** shows the correlation is significant at 0. 05 level. The value . 000 is less then P 0. 5 which means that the null hypothesis will reject and alternate hypothesis will accept which indicate Work load of employee is positively associated with inefficient performance of an organization. Tabl e 7 shows the Pearson correlation between inefficient organizational Performance and Employee Work stress level is positive and significant which means that there is strong relationship between these variables. The value . 480** shows the correlation is significant at 0. 05 levels. The value . 000 is less then P 0. 5 which means that the null hypothesis will reject and alternate hypothesis will accept which indicate work stress of employee is positively associated with inefficient performance of an organization. Table 8 shows the Pearson correlation between Organizational Performance and Employee Salary is positive which means that there is strong correlation between these variables. The value COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 704 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS 350** shows the correlation is significant at 0. 05 level. The value . 000 is less then P 0. 05 which means that th e null hypothesis will reject and alternate hypothesis will accept which indicate Performance of organization is positive associated with better salary of employee. Table 7 shows the Pearson correlation between Organizational Performance and Employee work to family conflict level of the employee is negative which means that there is weak correlation between these variables. The value -. 024 shows the correlation is insignificant. The value -. 024 is greater than P 0. 5 which means that the null hypothesis will reject and alternate hypothesis will accept which indicate Performance of organization is negatively associated with family to work conflict. 4. 5 Regression: Regression analysis has been used to measure the impact of dependent variable (organization performance) on the independent variables (employee turnover, work load, work stress, salary, and family to work conflict) . The multiple regression model for the analysis used as under: Y = ? +? 1X1+? 2X2+? 3X3+ ? 4X4+? 5X5†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (1) Where, Y is organizational performance (dependent variable) ?. is Y incepts, ? -5 are the regression coefficients. X1 is Turnover X2 is work load X3 is work stress X4 is salary X5 is family to work conflict Y (Organizational performance) = ? 1 Turnover + ? 2 workload, ? 3 work stress + ? 4 Salary + ? 5 Family to work conflict†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (2) Table 10 represents the Regression coefficient „R? = 0. 724 or 72. 4% which means that correlation between dependent variable (organizational performance) and independent variables (organizational turnover, workload, work stress, salary, family to work conflict) is positive. The coefficient of determination „R2? = 0. 524 which show that 52. % of variation in organizational performance is explained by organizational turnover, workload, work stress, salary, family to work conflict. The F-test value is 20. 691 is significant because the significance level is = . 000 which is less than 0. 05. Therefore null hypot hesis will reject and alternative hypothesis will accept that is inefficient organizational performance is positively associated with employee turnover, work load, work stress, inappropriate salary and family conflict. This also implies that the correlation between dependent variable and independent variables is statistical significant and the regression model is valid. The valid regression model implies that all independent variables (Organizational turnover, Workload, Work Stress, Salary, Family to work conflict) are explaining that there is a positive and significant relationship between Organizational Performance (dependent variable). 4. 6 Dependent Variable: Organizational performance: In the above table the regression coefficient for Turnover of the employee (? 1) = . 320 which implies that one percent increase in Turnover of employee? s increase 0. 320 percent organizational performance level if other variables are kept controlled. The T-test value is 3. 829 and significant at . 00 because significance level is less than . 005 and a regression model is significant and positive. The regression coefficient (? 2) = 0. 338 or 33. 8% which implies that one percent increase in workload brings on the average 33. 8% increase in organizational performance of the employee if other variables are kept controlled. The T-test value is 3. 997 and significan t at . 000 level which is less than the . 005. It implies that the relationship between workload of the employee and organizational performance of the employee is positive and significant. The relationship is significant and the regression model is valid. The regression coefficient (? 3) = 0. 236 or 23. 6% which implies that one percent increase in work stress brings on the average 23. 6% increase in organizational performance of the employee if COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 705 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS other variables are kept controlled. The T-test value is 2. 229 and significant at . 024 level which is less than the . 005. It implies that the relationship between work stress of the employee and organizational performance of the employee is positive and significant. The relationship is significant and the regression model is valid. The Performance of the employee (? 4 ) = . 090 or 9. 0 % which means that one percent employee salary creates organization performance by 9 % if other variables are kept constant. The Ttest value is . 859 which is positive but insignificant at . 373 because the significance level P?. 005 and value is less than . 005. It implies that the relationship between employee salary level and organizational performance is positive but insignificant. The regression model is valid. The regression coefficient for employee salary(? 5) = . 003 or 3 % which means that one percent increase in employee family conflict will brings on the average 3 % decrease in organizational performance if other variables are kept constant. The T-test value is . 041 and the significance value is . 968 which is insignificant which means that the relationship between family to work conflict and organization performance level is weak. It further implies that the relationship is positive and statistical insignificant, but over all regression model is valid. 5. Discussion The study is going to check the effect of turnover on the performance of the employee which is very much important issues in different organizational cultures in different areas of the world. It also see some other variables that can help to decrease the turnover in the organization like for example work load, work stress, salary, work to family conflict and their impact upon performance. Data is collected from the mobilink office because company is suffering from high turnover rat. Questionnaires are distributed among the employees and data is collected. Then correlation and regression are applied to confirm the results. The results show that turnover negatively affects the performance of the organization. The research found that the Performance of an organization is negatively and insignificantly associated with employee turnover, workload, work stress, salary, and family to work conflict. The result of the research study clearly evidenced that there is negatively relationship between the dependent variables of organizational performance and the Independent variables employee turnover, workload, work stress, salary, family to work conflict. COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 06 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS References Avery, Derek R. ; McKay, Patrick F. ; Wilson, David C. (2007), â€Å"Engaging the aging workforce: The relationship between perceived age similarity, satisfaction with coworkers, and employee engagement. † Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol 92(6), 1542-1556. Johnny, H. , Magnus, S. (2003) Does job insecurity lead to impaired well-being or vice versa? Estimation of cross-lagged effects using latent variable modeling, Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. Iss: 2, pp. 36 – 41 James Guthrie, (2001) â€Å"The management, measurement and the reporting of intellectual capital†, Journal of Intellectual Capital, Vol. 2 Iss: 1, pp. 27 – 41 Jan Mouritsen, Per Nikolaj Bukh, Bernard Marr, (2004) â€Å"Reporting on intellectual capital: why, what and how? â€Å", Measuring Business Excellence, Vol. 8 Iss: 1, pp. 46 – 54 Toby, M. , E,; Baiyin. , Y. ; Kenneth R. B. (2004) The effects of organizational learning culture and job satisfaction on motivation to transfer learning and turnover intention, DOI: 10. 1002/hrdq. 1104 Buch, D. , Swanson, S. M. (1986). Moonlighting by psychiatric residents. Journal of Psychiatric Education, 10(4), 247-254. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2005) The Employment Situation: August 2005. News Release. United States Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics (2001) The Employment Situation: November 2001. News Release. United States Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics (1999) The Employment Situation: May 1999. News Release. United States Department of Labor. Cohen, R. L. , Conley, R. R. , Henderson, P. B. (1987). Moonlighting: A realistic approach. In R. L. Cohen M. K. Dulcan (Eds. , Basic handbook of training in child and adolescent psychiatry (Vol. xviii, pp. 308-320). Springfield, IL, USA:: Charles C Thomas, Publisher. Crawford, R. L. (1978). Moonlighting: New look at an old practice. Supervisory Management, 23(8), 2-9. Culler, S. D. , Bazzoli, G. J. (1985). The Moonlighting Decisions of Resident Physicians. Journal of Health Economics, 4(3), 283-292. Davey, P. J. , Brown, J. K. (1970) . The corporate reaction to â€Å"moonlighting†. The Conference Board Record, 7(6), 31-35. Dempster-McClain, D. , Moen, P. (1989). Moonlighting Husbands: A Life-Cycle Perspective. Work Occupations, 16(1), 43-64. Divocky, D. (1978a). Moonlighting: Occupational habit or benefit? Learning, November, 40-45. Divocky, D. (1978b). Moonlighters in Profile. Learning, November, 42-43. COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 707 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Appendix Table 1 Frequency Distribution Table of Age Age 18-28 29-39 40 and above Total Missing System Total Frequency 41 44 15 100 2 102 Percentage 41% 44% 15% 100% 2% Cumulative Percentage 41. 0 85. 0 100. 0 Table 2 Frequency Distribution Table of Gender Gender Male Female Total Missing System Total Frequency 59 41 100 2 102 Percentage 59% 41% 100% Cumulative Percentage 59. 0 100. 0 COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 708 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Table 3 Correlation Matrix Org Conflict Performance PrsnCr Org Performance Sig (2-tailed) N PrsnCr Sig (2-tailed) N PrsnCr Sig (2-tailed) N PrsnCr Sig (2-tailed) N PrsnCr Sig (2-tailed) N PrsnCr Sig (2-tailed) N __ 100 -. 024 . 813 100 . 350** . 00 100 . 567** . 000 100 . 480** . 000 100 . 585** . 000 100 __ Salary Turnover Work stress Workload Conflict Salary -. 207* . 038 100 -. 012** . 908 100 . 044 . 665 100 -. 044 . 664 100 __ Turnover .145 . 150 100 __ Work stress .667* . 263** . 000 . 008 100 100 . 166 . 100 100 . 509** . 000 100 __ Workload .294** . 003 100 __ ** Correlation is significant at 0. 01 level (2-tailed) *Correlati on is significant at 0. 05 level (2-tailed) Table 4 Correlation between Organization Performance and Employee Turnover Organizational Turnover Performance Organizational Performance Pearson Correlation Sig. 2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 1 100 . 567** . 000 100 Employee .567** . 000 100 1 100 Employee Turnover **Correlation is significant at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed) COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 709 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Table 5 Correlation between Organization Performance and Employee Workload Organizational Workload Performance Organizational Performance Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 1 100 . 585** . 000 100 Employee 585** . 000 100 1 100 Employee Workload **Correlation is significant at 0. 01 levels (2-tailed) Table 6 Correlation between Organization Performance and Employee Work Stress Organiz ational Work stress Performance Organizational Performance Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 1 100 . 480** . 000 100 Employee .480** . 000 100 1 100 Employee Stress **Correlation is significant at 0. 01 level (2-tailed) Table 7 Correlation between Organization Performance and Employee Salary Organizational Salary Performance Organizational Performance Pearson Correlation Sig. 2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 1 100 . 350** . 000 100 Employee .350** . 000 100 1 100 Employee Salary * Correlation is significant at the 0. 01 level (2-tailed) COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 710 ijcrb. webs. com JANUARY 2013 VOL 4, NO 9 INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN BUSINESS Table 8 Correlation between Organization Performance and Employee Work Stress Organizational conflict Performance Organizational Performance Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N Pearson Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) N 1 100 -. 024 . 000 100 -. 24 . 000 100 1 100 Work to family Work to family conflict Table 9 Model Summary of Organizational Performance, Turnover, Work load, Work Stress, Salary, and Family to Work Conflict Model Summary Model 1 R .724a R Square . 524 Adjusted R Square . 499 Std. Error . 958 a. Predictors (Constant), Turnover, Workload, Work Stress, Salary, Family to Work Conflict ANOVA b Model 1 Regression Residual Total Sum of Squares df 94. 996 86. 314 181. 310 5 94 99 Mean Square 18. 999 . 999 F 20. 691 Sig . 000a a. Predictors: Organizational Turnover, Workload, Work Stress, Salary, Family to Work Conflict b. Dependent Variable: Organizational Performance Table Summary of Organizational Performance Organizational Turnover, Workload, Work Stress, Salary, Family to Work Conflict Coefficientsa Unstd. Coefficient B Std. Error Std. Coefficient Beta T Sig Model 1 (Constant) Turnover Workload Work stress Salary Conflicts -. 391 . 337 . 361 . 264 . 102 . 004 .452 . 088 . 090 . 115 . 114 . 101 .320 . 338 . 236 . 090 . 003 -. 865 3. 829 3. 997 2. 299 . 895 . 041 .389 . 000 . 000 . 024 . 373 . 968 COPY RIGHT  © 2013 Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research 711 How to cite Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business, Essays

How peer pressure contribute to the spread of HIV among the youth free essay sample

INITIATION CEREMONY At a certain age a young person has to go to be initiated, mostly at this time girls are at puberty stage which can be as young as 12 years, they are taken aside and taught about adulthood, the roles, responsibilities and expectation of women in the society, as well as often having sex component, whereby girls are taught how to please men and are encouraged to have sex with any man, most of the time this men are older than them and they are likely to have HIV infection. This practice encourages girls to have multiple sexual partners most especially those who have been initiated, the changes of been infected are high. They believe that when a girl has done this she will be a better wife. This practice can contribute to the spread of HIV infection among the youth of Malawi. GWAMULA Another cultural practices that happen in Malawi which contribute to the spread of HIV among the young people is gwamula which is practiced in some part of Malawi. Boys and Men sneak into the girl’s room at night and have sex with whoever they will find. This practice contributes to the spread of HIV among the youth most especially the girls because they do have sex with the person whom they don’t know and see. It can happen that the person has HIV and infect it to that girl. This practice also contributes to the spread of HIV among the youth of Malawi. POVERTY Young people are engaged in commercial sex because of poverty in order for them to find their basic needs. Most of the time they practice unprotected sex because they want to earn more money, in so doing they are infected. PEER PRESSURE A lot of young people most of the time get caught up in romantic feelings thinking that having sex is the best way they can prove or demonstrate to love their partner. Sometimes they have sex because their friends think so, then they suffer the consequences been infected with HIV. MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERS Most of the youth who have multiple partners SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Vermont Trip Essays - 9, Roommate, , Term Papers

Vermont Trip VERMONT TRIP: On behalf of myself, and many other students, I would like to formally address the Drug and Alcohol problem that accompanied the 1999-2000 school year Vermont trip. Many times I have heard stories about the ?infamous? Vermont Ski trip, and the many illegal things that have occurred consistently throughout the years. To the best of my knowledge this behavior was ignored, overlooked, and typical of this trip. So in believing that this kind of ?partying? was habitual, I decided to participate along with several others who had attended past trips. At first I was hesitant in bringing anything, but after a couple of conversations with certain individuals, I was convinced that it would be all right to do so without any punishment being enforced. Thus brought me to obtaining the ?single? bottle I was bringing for a friend ,and I to consume with others, along with the other alcoholic beverages brought on the trip by my peers. This brings us to the time of departure for Vermont, on Thursday March 17, 2000. At approximately 11:50 PM I arrived to load the bus. At a little after 12:00 AM we left the Holley High School for Vermont, without ?A BAG CHECK? by any of the seven chaperones. After a ten hour drive we arrived at our destination, Stowe Ski Resort. At around 4:30 PM we loaded the bus to go to the Courtyard By Marriot, the hotel in which we would be staying at for the remainder of the trip. Following our arrival we were given the room assignments, we then unpacked our bags quickly, and my roommates and I hid the alcohol that we each brought under our beds. After that a majority of us students went to the pool, and jacuzzi for a swim before our expected 7:00 PM dinner time. Dinner lasted for about a half an hour, to forty-five minutes, and soon after I then again went to the pool with a couple of people for another swim. Around 8:30 PM I returned upstairs to a friends room, where I then received a phone call from one of my roommates asking me if I planned on returning to our room to ?drink.? I answered hesitantly, but after a little debating I decided to go back to my room. At that moment I only returned ,to change out of my swim clothes, before I headed back to the friends room. While I was in my room changing I was asked by two of my roommates to compare their drinks, and decipher which was better. This then proves that the alcohol, both mine, and my roommates, had already been out and consumed long before I first returned. After that, I went to my friends room and we both then returned to my room at about 9:00pm. Upon arrival we had found six other people in my room already there for one purpose. I then proceeded to ask one of my roommates where the bottles were, he then replied ?in the liquor cabinet,? sure enough there I found all the alcohol moved from under the beds where I last knew it to be, into the place where I was storing my clothes. At that moment I removed ?the bottle? from the cabinet to pass around to my friends. First I had opened the bottle so that everyone could smell the Butter Scotch aroma. After passing it around to all eight people including myself., we then all took ?one baby sip? from the bottle. A few moments after that most of the people in my room decided to go take a swim. Then three female students left to go change into their swimming attire, leaving my friend, three of my roommates, and myself in the room. At this point the bottle had been sealed for a couple of minutes. I was then listening to one of my roommates tell a story, while the other two changed. During this short period of time there was a knock on the door, and Mr. Orbaker who was the ski trip advisor, walked into the room to see me holding the bottle in my hands. After I got done listening to my roommates story I then noticed Mr. Orbaker standing in the hallway staring at me. He then motioned for me to walk over to him, as I did he signaled for the bottle, grabbed the liquor and proceeded to say? way to be

Stigma, Stigmas, and Stigmata

Stigma, Stigmas, and Stigmata Stigma, Stigmas, and Stigmata Stigma, Stigmas, and Stigmata By Maeve Maddox Another term associated with religious practice, but often used in other contexts, is stigma. The word has two plural forms: stigmas and stigmata. Stigma derives from Greek and Latin words for the type of mark made by burning, like the brand placed on a slave, or by cutting. The word’s figurative meaning is â€Å"mark of censure or infamy.† The plural stigmata appears in a line at the end of Saint Pauls Letter to the Galatians. Paul says he â€Å"bears Christ’s stigmata in his body† (stigmata Domini Iesu in corpore meo porto). Paul is playing on different meanings of the word stigma. On the one hand, he is contrasting the marks and scars he has received by preaching Christianity as the valid equivalent of the mark/stigma of circumcision, which some Jewish Christians of his time insisted should be required of converted Gentiles. He is also using the word in the sense of the identifying mark of a slave, implying that he belongs to Christ, as a slave belongs to his master. In modern religious usage, the Latin plural stigmata refers specifically to marks on the body that mimic the five wounds of Christ: nail holes in the hands/wrists and feet, and a wound in the side. Some reported stigmata include pain and marks around the head (from the crown of thorns) and on the back (from scourging). The first documented stigmatic (person who exhibits Christ’s stigmata) was Francis of Assisi: The  saints  right side is described as bearing on open wound which looked as if made by a lance, while through his hands and feet were black nails of flesh, the points of which were bent backward.- New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia.   A stigmatic who lived in the twentieth century and was studied by contemporary physicians was Pio of Pietrelcina (1887-1968). The figurative use of stigma is popular in the media to refer to the disapprobation displayed toward certain members of society or to characteristics felt to be socially disreputable. Used in this sense, the usual plural is stigmas. Here are some examples of this use of stigma: Now, in the 21st century, we still have a situation where the words â€Å"mental illness† have negative connotations, leading to stigma surrounding anyone diagnosed with mental illness. In 1936, a bill was passed that made Texas the first state in the southwest to legally remove the  stigma of illegitimacy  from birth records. It is important to understand stigma in India, given its varied culture and mixture of rural and urban populations. The verb is to stigmatize: Afflicted individuals and racial or national groups  have been stigmatized  because of perceptions about highly contagious, difficult-to-cure diseases. [This book] is a great overview of how romance novels (and their readers)  have been stigmatized  for centuries. How Singles Are Stereotyped,  Stigmatized, and Ignored An error in the use of stigma is the redundancy of following it with the word mark: There is a stigma mark attached to being Aboriginal. I would think that if anyone needs a stigma mark, it is them. Note: The noun stigma has other meanings in scientific contexts. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Dialogue Dos and Don'ts45 Synonyms for â€Å"Old† and â€Å"Old-Fashioned†The 7 Types of Possessive Case

The Kansas-Nebraska Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

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Employee Assistance Programs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Employee Assistance Programs - Essay Example Employee Assistance Programs can be categorized into five types which can be referred to as full service, peer-assisted, integrated, compliance, and wrap-around versions. A Full-Service EAP, as the term implies, provides a wide array of programs that are internally staffed, well-financed and entails a management support system. It likely provides on-site counseling services and takes a proactive role in managing critical employment issues such as debriefing the staff following unforeseen incidents and preparing the staff both economically and psychologically prior to changes in their job status which could include coping with a planned layoffs due to corporate downsizing. Full-service EAP’s constantly review the employee’s needs at a particular company and develop services to meet the demands. As a result, many programs include disability, financial, legal and sexually transmitted disease counseling in addition to child and elderly parent care assistance for employees. The program is managed by an outside firm such as Value Behavioral Health or Ceridian which performs these services and offers many types of employee assistance packages. Though the full-service programs are a costly up-front expense for the employer, currently in the $50 per-employee per-year range, the long-term savings resulting from a full-service EAP makes it a sound investment for the future. Peer-assisted Peer-assisted EAP’s often are implemented for employees that do not have access to a formal EAP service.

Animal testing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

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Internal and External Analysis of Volvo

Internal and External Analysis of Volvo The macro and micro environmental factors 1) Outline and discuss the macro and micro environmental factors that are influencing Volvos strategy? The micro environment is which explains the internal environment of the company and which tells the position of the company in all the terms of the business and hence this gives an idea of the current position of the company. Micro environment: The Volvo name is 90 years old and has become a Swedish international icon. In the year 1999, Volvo a Sweden based company is sold to Ford motor company, but Volvo maintained independency but benefited from the shared research and development and also the buying power. Volvo employs 27,500 employees. Volvo has its company in 120 countries. And has wide network and distribution of its product ranges to different parts in the world. Volvo sells its products through 2400 dealers worldwide. Volvos main mission is safety, and also invests huge money in Research and development in Safety. Safety in driving has a major role to play in automotive, as majority of the customers priority is safety. Volvo sold 14 million cars in its life time, the figure shows success of the Volvo cars and also how Volvo has retained its position in the market in long run. Volvo is the strongest brand of FORD motors. Volvo is the major contribution to the success of Ford Motors. Volvo has asset oriented advertis ing. The main asset of Volvo is Safety, and hence its advertising campaign is also based on its core competence or asset safety. Volvo being a subsidiary of FORD enjoys a shared Research and development programs. This is very beneficial and cost effective for Volvo, as being a part of the giant automotive group, Volvo can share the cost involved in Research and Development program. Hence this can be one of the key advantages for Volvo to be cost effective. Volvo is also popular for its innovations in the car industry which developed and produced different ranges of cars and hence Volvo has made large profits to FORD motors. The core positioning strategy of Volvo is the Safety and longevity. In order to compete with the luxury brands of Toyota and Lexus, Volvo produced the premier cars which are symbol of luxury. Volvo brand was primary key aspects are Big estate cars, and Safety. Hence Volvo is the symbol of safety and innovations which helped the FORD financially. Macro environment: The macro environment gives the clear picture of the changes in the external environment and how these changes in the external environment have an effect on the performance of the company. The macro environmental factors include Political, Economic, social, technological, environmental, legal factors, which are lose but external to the society. Political factors: There has been an increased regulation on the car industry and also automotive industry is facing a huge taxation on trade. Economic factors There is rise in the fuel prices, and this economic factor has hit the automotive industry fiercely and leads to reduce the performance of the company. Due to this rise in the prices of the oil, most of the customers have started choosing fuel-efficient cars, which has reduced the demand for luxury cars in the market. Social factors: The major problems Volvo is facing is shift in the consumers preferences from a luxury, large engine cars with huge carbon emission to a fuel-efficient, and small cars, due to many reasons like rise in the prices of oil, and also governments are providing tax incentive to those who buy fuel-efficient and eco-friendly cars and other incentives include free parking and road tolls. This shift in the consumers preferences which is a Social factor has downturn the performance of the company. There is also Volvo much emphasis on family sector but in Europe there is decline in the number of families. Hence Volvo market segmentation is wrong and may not be useful for sales growth. Technological factors: Toyota has occupied a major share in the market, with the adaptation and implementation of new and advanced technology into its product strategy, and hence has met the needs of their changing environment with fuel-efficient cars with low carbon emissions into the atmosphere. This technological change of the external environment of including many advanced features into the product was not adapted by Volvo. Volvo has advanced only in safety but did not understand the need for the other features of the product which have become the center of attraction in the market, and those advanced features are fuel efficient, eco-friendly, etc. Environmental factors: Due to the emission of large carbon from the big size cars increased the pollution and hence have caused many problems like polluting air, etc. Legal factors: New laws on the protection of the environment have started rallying and this has hit the whole automotive industries. Due to these environmental protection acts and Clean air Act, which was passed by the legislation, brought about a changes in the preferences and shift the needs and hence as discussed above choosing for eco-friendly cars. Volvo asset was and is also is only Safety, but the external challenges are seeking for more reliable, eco-friendly, fuel-efficient cars as the government is putting heavy taxes on the large cars, who emit large carbon into the atmosphere, and more over the governments are proving more tax incentives for those who choose fuel efficient cars, like free road tolls and parking etc. Volvo has introduced flexi-fuel cars but they did not show a good sign on the profits of the company. 2) Conduct a SWOT analysis on Volvo cars. Strengths: Safety of both the environment and driving is the main strength of the Volvo cars, and hence the Governments policies on safety in driving will not have much influence on the performance of Volvo. Volvo has a reputation for big estate cars and last for long periods of time. Goteberg safety center which is a world renowned, and hence after the acquisition, Volvo has introduced ten new models for its customers, and hence earned more profits for FORD. Volvo has 2400 dealers worldwide and has its presence in 120 countries of the world. Huge investments in safety research and development programs. Volvo is a wholly owned subsidiary of ford motor company which is a world famous company and this helps the Volvo can draw synergies of technical innovations and improvements for its parent company. And also the buying power. 90 years of brand heritage, where Volvo has gained much expertise in manufacturing a car which is very safe in driving and this is the core-competence which has played a vital role which has brought glorious years to Volvos brand. Weakness: No change management programs in its product strategy. There has been no innovations and improvements in the product, improvements like fuel-efficient, best performance, etc, which is quite important for Volvo to meet the intense competition. There is a decline in the sales of the Volvos bi-fuel cars. Cannot meet the customer requirement of fuel-efficient cars. Even though the prospective customers of Volvo are shifting their interests from the big engine cars to fuel-efficient cars, Volvo still stress only on the safety in their mission statement, where its core positioning strategy to face the present changed perceptions of the consumers and external environments demands should be fuel-efficient and reliable cars. Moreover the mission statement aims at providing safest and more exciting car experience for modern families, the brand concentrating on the family sector. But in Europe there is decline in the number of families and many couple is opting to be childless, hence this mission of Volvo would badly hit its performance in future. Most of the market for Volvo is in US and Sweden and consequently it is open to irregular economic and political circumstances of those markets. Volvos most of the production is from the Belgium and hence, the cars produced in Sweden is very expensive for the US consumers. This is due to the less facilities of production of Volvo cars in US. Volvos flexi-fuel cars only in certain geographic markets. Opportunities: There is a hope for further growth for the business due to new business in china and India, with a forecast of sales in china of 10,000 a year. The penetration into new markets has an opportunity for improvement in the performance of the company. Threats: Has the Volvo only concentrates on the Safety in its product design, and ignoring on the other aspects like eco-friendly and fuel efficient cars (Toyota Lexus), performance, styling, reliability, handling and value for money, which are all vitally important. Low restriction on imports and trade will increase the competition from the Japanese companies in the Asia pacific regions. Volvos safety may not have any importance as safety is integrated by almost all the car manufacturers. Hence safety which is the main asset for Volvo has no role to play for the improved performance of the company. 3) Outline the strategic options available to Volvo cars, recommending what you believe to be the best option available, give reasons for your answer? The main problem Volvo cars is facing is the external pressures and changing perceptions and requirements of its customers. Volvo who strategy of Safety was very popular during 1990s but with the changing needs of its customers and external environmental factors, the strategy of Volvo did not change hence Volvo has faced such a downturn in its sales during the period of 2004 to 2006. The external challenges are demanding for a more reliable, fuel-efficient and eco-friendly cars, which Toyota have understood the need of its customers and hence have concentrated heavily on fuel-efficient and eco-friendly cars, and therefore have become the world largest and most successful car manufacturer. Moreover, most of the car manufactures have integrated safety into their product design and hence safety, key element or the core positioning strategy can no more help Volvo to retain its position in this fierce competition. To outline the strategies for the Volvo cars Ansoff product/ market grid (Ansoff, 1957). This model would help the business identify the strategy that gives business the way to grow their business. The four strategies proposed by the Ansoff let us find which would help the Volvo cars to improve their business. This model helps to identify what have to be marketed and at what time and risk involved in marketing these products. The alternatives available to the Volvo cars are: Price strategy, as the cars of Volvo is unaffordable for the common man and hence has to introduce such a model of car for the middle class people. This is the market penetration strategy where with the same product and same market the company has to reduce the cost and hence in turn can reduce the price of its products compared to its competitors. Market development strategy, where the same product is sold in different markets. Product development strategy, where a new product is developed and is sold in the current and existing markets, extensions in the product features which make it different from its competitors and this can also be called as product differentiation. Diversification strategy is one where the new product is sold in new markets, but this is more risky then the market penetration. Let us find which will be best strategy for Volvo cars from the available alternatives from the Ansoff matrix. Market penetration strategy, this strategy of selling its same products in the same market, for lower price by reducing the costs may not be useful for Volvo cars, this is because challenges Volvo is facing is the price rises of complimentary goods and environmental protections laws, which have changed the preferences of its customers from large engine luxury cars to the fuel-efficient cars because of government taxation policies, etc. hence , reducing the price of the cars will not be the best solution to face the challenge. Market development strategy, If Volvo adopts this strategy may not succeed as most of the current markets of Volvo is the developed countries and hence the consumers are in position of afford to buy a premium car. But, if Volvo looks for a market in developing and under developed countries, there is much risk factors involved for the growth of the industry. Diversified strategy will not have a positive effect on the growth of the business as this is risky, and Volvo which is facing a huge performance crisis should not be risk taker but should be risk averter. Product development strategy, this might be the best strategy for Volvo, as in this strategy there is product development according to the changing trends and requirements and hence this would help the Volvo for growth, if it produces cars not only safety and reliability its cars, but integrating safety, fuel-efficient, styling, performance and this leads to differentiation among the players in the industry. If the company integrates all the requirements of the demands of its customers, would automatically increase sales and will enjoy a rapid growth for the business. Volvo being the wholly owned subsidiary of Ford motors enjoys shared research and development. Therefore an investment for further product development is easy and hence it can meet the requirements of the customers. There are Volvos flexi-fuel cars which distributes only to certain geographical areas, and hence Volvo should even have to perform certain product development programs and innovations in these flexi-fuel car s and there should make improvements in distribution networks for these cars so that they are available to all the 120 countries, where Volvo has its network. The reasons for choosing the product development strategy as the best alternative for Volvo cars is, because product development is the only alternative which meets the target customers (especially Volvos target segment of last 15 years) needs and this is the only possible solution to withstand with the challenges Volvo is facing, and Volvo should also consider the some of the aspects like the competitors of Volvo has already met the needs of the customers who are seeking fuel-efficient cars, and hence Volvo have to integrate all the aspects like safety, performance, reliability, fuel-efficient, with low carbon emissions and comfort to compete with their competitors, as Volvo is already reputed for safety and reliability, Volvo has to some other elects in list of product design to provide a best alternative for its customers. Volvos introduction of Flexi-fuel cars to reduce the sales shrink as the customers are moving to fuel-efficient cars shows a positive sign in its performance in the future. Future Product development programs also helps Volvo to achieve its programs like Volvo 2020, where it is trying to differentiate itself on two factors safety of both the environment and driving. Volvo should conduct a budgetary process on the available resources as product development process requires an excess investments into many aspects like research and developments and raw materials and advertising campaigns. REFERENCES: www.volvocars.com WWW.MINTEL.COM Kiley, D (2004), Driven: Inside BMW, the Most Admired Car Company in the World,N.J. John Wiley Sons, Inc. (US). West, P (2000) Organizational Learning in the Automotive Sector, Routledge. Wilson, R. M. S.; Gilligan, C (2005) Strategic Marketing Management: Planning, Implementation and Control 3Rd Ed., London Elsevier. Wilson, A (2002) TheMarketingAuditHandbook: Tools, Techniques Checklists to Exploit Your MarketingResources,CT Koran. Pickett, K. H. Spencer.; Pickett, Jennifer M.(2003)The Internal Auditing Handbook,NJ John Wiley Sons, Ltd. (UK).

career goal :: essays research papers

It has been my craving in every aspect of life to do things differently, chart my own path and tread in to uncharted territory. Nine years back, this what made me join a course in bachelor of marine engineering at MERI, the only institute in India exclusively offering such a course. Idea of venturing in to high sees, braving the storms with only handful of resources and almost completely cut off from out side world made adrenaline pumping in to my veins. All this along with opportunity to get exposure to highly sophisticated systems on board ships, which was fodder for my technical bent of mind seemed perfect for my adventure seeking personality. Through out my career progression I have made such decisions like joining LNG shipping pool of my company and seeking extra professional qualification of eligibility to sail on diesel engine driven as well as turbine driven ships Looking back after nine years, I could not feel more assured that at that time, I made the right choice. My unusual combination of experiences sets me worlds apart from not only a normal engineer but also from a marine engineer at similar position. Working for a big shipping company, exclusively on international assignments in high tech, capital intensive and rising LNG industry is the kind of job I had envisioned at the time of finishing my graduation. I could not have come here without that choice I made back then. As suited to my challenge seeking nature I foresee my own career moving in the direction of handling higher responsibilities in the core business, initially from an advisory perspective (i.e. consulting) and ultimately from a leadership role within a manufacturing entity, preferably a start-up venture. With Asia, especially India rising on global corporate battlefield I want to be where global language and intercultural/personal skills make the difference, where technological know-how supports innovative ideas. This is where I can make my best contribution. In short, I want to be where the action and the challenges are. Thus the reasons why I want to go back to university and do a MBA to get myself a thorough business background to understand not only my career experiences but other students as well and put them in to business context and have a holistic view of the organization. The knowledge I will gain should help facilitate a career change. After extensive work in high tech LNG shipping industry, I want to transfer to shore based industry.

Against legalizing gay marriage Essay

Whenever there is debate on gay marriage it involves social as well as legal arguments and it can be for or against the topic of legalizing gay marriage. If people are asked about equality of basic rights to gays like that of protection in law or owning property or benefits from the government, almost three fourth of the population will favor the suggestion. But as soon as the same set of people are asked about gay marriage, only one third out of them might agree with it. There are many pre-occupied thoughts that prevail in the minds of people in the society about gays. The first and the foremost thing is that marriage is a tradition in which a man is legally bound to a woman and is responsible for the development and security of the family as well as the society too. If gay marriages were allowed there would be no meaning to this holy institution and it is not in the best interests for the development of children, as they will be deprived of either the father or mother. As far as equal rights are concerned gays too have all rights that common residents of the state has and they can marry the person of opposite sex just as anyone marries. But sking for legalization of gay marriages is something extra because they would like to marry the person of the same sex, which is only based on sexual relationship. Marriage is a holy institution and the tradition followed is not because the base of marriage is only sexual relationship but the whole lot of responsibilities is shared right from bringing up children and giving them healthy environment to grow and become a good human being. Gay marriage would weaken this respect for marriage as an institution and would also change the real definition of marriage. From time immemorial, studies show that marriage has helped people become stronger emotionally, financially, and psychologically and most of the time medically too. If gay marriages were legalized the traditional values of the families would be weakened and they are very important for the proper development of the society. Marriage is considered as the building block of our society with families involving man, woman and children in each. It is well said that lovers as well as friends come and go but family stands for anyone in any circumstances. The reason behind the deterioration of ulture and values is the weakening of today’s family bonding. If ‘another’ type of family is introduced in the society through gay marriages, it will make the situation even worse. It is going to create significant and long term damage to culture and society. Marriage is an honorable institute that complete, support and encourage one another in a bond that is invisible. Almost every religion is not in favor of homosexuality and most of them consider gay marriage as a sin. Many scholars are of the opinion that gay marriage would give way to polygamy and extra marital relationships and then it would be very difficult o save and bind the society into specific values and rules regarding relationships especially sex. The kids today have become extrovert and frank and at the same time they don’t hesitate to agree with the fact that they are homosexual or bisexual. If gay marriage were legalized its consequences would be very deteriorating for the society and there would be massive repercussions. The consequences of these marriages would be in the upbringing of children and the future generation would be huge sufferers. Now, the existing marriage and system of law that help to get divorce easily has already pulled down the institution f marriage. It is the undeniable interest of the countries to put it on the right path, which will not be possible if gay marriage was legalized. There is another point that should be taken care of and that is the scientific and logical perspective. While talking about marriages and relationship, society as well as science does not accept and conclude that incest is safe and that is the reason why intermarriage of family members are prohibited. Also polygamy is not good for the health of the family and society as a whole and that is why Muslims and Mormons are restricted in many ountries to marry more than one compliant adult without divorcing the existing one. So we see that there are reasons behind all relationships and rules to follow in the institute of marriage so that a healthy society is built up. As far as gay marriage is concerned, never in the history we find that gays have achieved marital status or it is good and for the welfare of the society for any convincing reason and so it is not so easy to shred the tradition of society. Social scientists are seriously concerned about the development of children as well as society and are worried about the fractured family that the children of today are getting. If this continues and autonomous people marry and remarry or have relationships outside marriage, children will be the utmost sufferers. If in this condition gay marriage is legalized, everyone is going to care for themselves and no one will take the responsibility of the future generation and society as well. Marriage ties two people together and along with them future and past generation are also attached. It is an institution that teaches carrying along responsibilities and selflessness, which further helps build a society with strong and successful values and culture. Gay marriage would only lead to society with eople who care for their interests and these kinds of people never consider the development of society or believe in traditional values and culture. People will start doing what they like and this will give rise to cases of polygamy and may be give rise to pedophiles or zoophiles too. It has never been an issue to legalize gay marriage in history until recently. But for the overall development of society and to save our real values and culture and above all save the future generation from getting selfish motives to lead life. Children would be deprived of either father or mother and their development would definitely hamper. The couples would not be able to teach their children commitment and bonding of love and responsibility towards family and society. Marriage is also considered sacred in most religions and a step towards God as well as to perform duties, which are answerable to God too. The married couple has to carry out certain responsibilities and follow the rules of society because after all ‘man is a social animal’ and no one can be sufficient on his own. Homosexual relationships have nothing to do with the propagation of society and they would not serve the society in state interest.

September 11 2001 essays

September 11 2001 essays Every single person in the world has been affected by Tuesday, September 11, 2001. This event will live long in our memory, both those who witnessed the unspeakable horror, those who watched it and cried from afar. Our children's children will hear of this day in future history classes. May we never forget, and may we keep this day, the events and the tears in our minds, our memory and our hearts and take them with us as we carry on. May we always remember this day, and may we find peace in this beautiful world created by god. May this never happen again. Teach your children well. Offer a helping hand, where just a few months ago, you would have just continued on your way. Absorb your spouse's hug, kiss, and your life together; breathe in that moment; today might be their last day. Give your child a cheery, loving smile and hug, make sure they know you love them. Today might be their last day. Call your family; tell them what you have been putting off. Today might be their last day. Stand quietly, peacefully in the wind, listen to the birds, and watch the sun set. Today might be your last day. Treasure each day like it's the last day. What a beautiful sayings. This is a part of an article, which has been edited slightly and found with pictures at (packrat-pro.com/911.htm) check it out; its neat. The reason why this part of the article was put in this report is because it relate to the song for this report. The song chosen is by Michael Jackson Heal the World. It also shows eminent examples of emotions on how this day should be remembered as. Plethora of people thinks of this day as a tragedy; as a day in which a throng of terrorist attacked and destroyed Americas unity. American citizen; dont think like that, lets stand together as a nation and show the terrorists that we are intrepid and nothing could break us apart. Please do not think of revenge; r ...

Shouldice Hospital Limited Essay Example

Shouldice Hospital Limited Essay Example Shouldice Hospital Limited Essay Shouldice Hospital Limited Essay Shouldice is a private hospital founded by Dr. Earle Shouldice in Toronto in July 1945. The hospital started out as a six-room nursing home in downtown Toronto. As demand increased for hernia operations, he expanded the facilities to a capacity of 36-beds, which turned into a 89-bed facility after adding a large wing. Dr. Shouldice devised a method called the Shouldice method to increase the efficiency and the overall experience of the surgery and the post surgery recovery period. The hospital specializes on external hernia cases and will not treat internal hernia patients. The method proved to be a big success. In this case, we will analyze the process flow of the hospital, determine the bottlenecks and finally offer recommendations. Background: Dr. Earle Shouldice is a famous operator for his private method of hernia surgery. Unlike normal methods, his way allowed the patient to walk around right after the end of surgery, and move freely at the end of the day. When the number of patients he had increased, he decided to exploit this by founding his own hospital. He died in 1965, but his hospital continued to grow, and at the end of 1982, his hospital had 6850 operations per year. Analysis: Initially, the hospital sends out a medical questionnaire to figure out whether the patient has hernia. If the patient requires the operation, they were sent a confirmation card for the surgery. However, after initial examination at the hospital, some of the patients were found healthy, so they were also sent back. After the examination, an administrative personnel checks the insurance of the patient. Then, a nurse takes blood and urine samples from the patient, and sends the patient to his room. All this is done by 5PM, after which there is an information session regarding the operation. The patients are sent to bed at 9:30PM, and waken up at 5:30AM. The operation takes 1 hour (although the recurring ones take up to 90 minutes, but theyre rare so are not included). The patient then stays in the hospital for 3 more days, but since the resource (nurse, doctor etc) requirements would be low (and are not stated in the case). Shouldice was successful because of the following strategies: 1) Unique and well defined surgical procedure (cannot be varied), 2) Operation and recovery time lower than industry average, 3) Educated, experienced, and efficient surgeons (600 surgeries per year as opposed to 25-50), 4) Lower nurse to patient ratio (reduces costs), 5) Efficient, good quality, and uniform service (dependable), 6) High demand from reputation, 7) Higher pay than union standard for employees, 8) Being selective with patients ensures speed and better outcomes The bottleneck of pre-operation is Insurance check, as shown in Exhibit 2. The second bottleneck is the number of surgeons available to perform surgery and keep patients flowing through the system. Once people have a place in the system, the next wait is for a surgeon to become available. Bottlenecks are both a burden and a blessing in this scenario. We build up a queue because people want the service but we are forced to find a way to alleviate the pressure on the bottlenecks. Recommendations: Simply adding capacity may upset the current balance that exists and lower the quality of the process. If the company would simply expand to add beds or create more hospitals, quality would eventually be lowered because you would be hiring doctors you would have eliminated for the first hospital. One possible improvement to the process would be to minimize idle time of surgeons spend doing anything other than surgeries. Since they are a bottleneck, Shouldice should make surgeons not waste time doing a job that a nurse or someone with a less important role can do. This way throughput rate is lowered because surgeons can get more operations done at the end of the day without affecting the systems balance. Another solution to improve throughput without physically expanding would be to include working on Saturday and Sunday. Shouldice can rearrange its resources to keep the hospital running weeklong. This would alleviate the burden on the bottleneck so that buildup is minimized and more patients are put through the process. One of the major limits to expansion is the number of beds available for patients. Therefore, a possible area of capacity expansion is creating an additional facility where more beds can be put for patients. But  to accommodate the increased amount of demand a bigger kitchen and a dining room would be necessary. Moreover, an additional staff should be hired as long as the amount does not exceed the current staff per patient ratio in order to keep the operational costs from increasing too much. Another limiting factor is the number of doctors. Thus, the more doctors there are, the more patient acceptance will be. However there would be a limit on the amount of additional surgeons hired since each surgeon should at least perform three surgeries a day. Additionally, having a new facility outside of Canada dealing on a different specialty is a good option for capacity in which case a careful analysis should be done to make sure that the successfulness of the additional facility is not lower then the original one. Exhibit 1: The process flow chart is attached. Exhibit 2: Examination ? 17. 5 minutes per patient X 6 ? 20. 57 Patients per Hour Insurance ? 10 minutes per patient X 2 ? 12 Patients per Hour Blood/Urine ? 7. 5 minutes per patient X 2 ? 16 Patients per Hour.

Sales Management Assignment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sales Management Assignment - Term Paper Example To begin, one can easily interact with customers through the free social sites and have them together so as to deliver relevant information to them. It is also possible to update the network as regular as possible. Sharing of customer experience and information may be enabled through the internet. There is an opening for business evaluation depending on the customers view. As this is done, there is a feeling of personal attachment that develops mutually. For instance a company like sumsung can effectively makes its marketing over the internet by advertising its products and issuing direct purchases from all over the world. Through the internet, it is possible to attract more customers with no limitation as long as the customer has connections with you. In fact, in case of social sites, all other friends and families will be able to see the information about the business. This enables more room for sharing leading to the growth of the network. Businesses can exploit this technology fo r promotion of their services and products1. Modification of features is possible through the internet hence relating as per current situation is possible. This can be father enhanced by customizing links and collaborating features within the website. Interaction with the customer is made more dependable with the provision of contacts and sharing of information via the inbox; this ensures a feeling of security with the individual customers. Through the social sites, there can be recorded an increase in the leads and sales. Enticing information may be included such as the offers available, new brands, among other information that may be required by the intended customers2. As such, the efficiency of this method as an advertising tool is fully realised among the users. There is the need to build trust so as to realise the advantages of using the internet t reach the customers. Disadvantages of building customer relation using the internet Security is the first issue with the internet technology in the world today. This is mostly due to hacking that has made most customers to doubt the payment procedures hence less commitments in line with the payments. Some companies which offer money transfers may be the victim in this case making the process harder. For instance, the use of visa cards has recorded froud in its transsuctions occasionally. The scale of the system is a limiting factor to some level. In case the system is made to accommodate a given number of customers then it so happens that the customers increase beyond the expected number then the business is set to shut down since there will be an overflow3. The cost of e-commerce must be calculated; the business must be in a good position to raise sufficient funds in order to accommodate the expenses incurred in using the internet. The product or service in question should also be evaluated so as to determine the loyalty of the customers. As such, the challenge comes where the customers targeted may want to h ave the real feel of the product rather than just the pictorial view of it. Vulnerability of business information to competitors becomes a major disadvantage in customer relation over the internet4. The cost of internet start up is also significantly high. In general, the intimacy of a one to one

Free writing journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 14

Free writing journal - Essay Example All the rest were cracked showing that women, though pretending to be tough are still vulnerable under extreme cold temperature. The story makes me feel the disappointment of the author with the society. Because she’s a woman, she understands how other women may have felt trapped within a marriage that does not allow them to grow and be themselves. I felt anger and frustration at how the men in the story treated women’s things and activities as trifles, useless, senseless things. I also felt the hidden anger, which was shown with the discovery of Mrs. Wright’s motive to kill her husband. I felt the undervalued strength of women as they band together, like sisters protecting their own, when the two wives took the evidence proving that Mrs. Wright has enough motive to kill her husband. This short story makes the reader realize that women are really in touch with their own nature and they are often misunderstood by men. It is full of symbolism showing how women are unappreciated and underestimated. But more than that I felt the calling within the story, the call for women to take arms and band themselves together in order to fight the injustice against women, to create a place for women in the world, not merely as slaves in marriage but as a partner towards creating a successful family and

Public Policy Issue in Healthcare Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Public Policy Issue in Healthcare - Assignment Example The greatest impediment to the efforts to create a healthy society is the high cost of healthcare services in the country (Bryant, 2009). The high cost of health care casts a substantial number of people to premature deaths thereby subjecting millions of children to poor living conditions in the absence of their parents. The government acknowledges the problem and has since enacted a number of policies including the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), or Affordable Care Act (ACA). The challenges the legislation continues to prove the importance of costs in seeking high-quality health care services there showing the need for a lasting resolution of the problem of high costs as the research report below investigates. Health is an integral issue in any economy. The health of a society influences the stability of the government while safeguarding the future of the population. The government must, therefore, seek to address the problems facing the community in relation to health care. So far, the high cost of managing some of the leading causes of death in the country such as cancer and heart diseases has proven to be a major factor that continues to frustrate the population. As such, the government should formulate realistic policies that enable the population to access high-quality health care services. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act is such a legislation that introduces a way for the citizens to afford high-quality services. However, the act has faced immense criticism and objection from politicians. The Congress among other organs of the government should strive to amend the law